Cause & Effect Essay over Crisis in America's Social Security System

Cause and Effect over Crisis in America's Social Security System - Essay Example The circumstance confronting the standardized savings is really clear. It has enough salary to keep going for around thirty years, and it doesn't appear that it will be running out at any point in the near future. The program was made to give advantages to the resigned and mature age individuals, and the advantages were said to ascend with the developing increment in wages of the individuals. The way that the economy is creating all that could possibly be needed assets to offer an expanding way of life for the people in the future, while additionally regarding its responsibility to the Social Security, comes as a stun to certain individuals. Truly, the main danger that the government managed savings is confronting is from the lawmakers who are attempting to ‘alter’ the framework and bring uncommon changes by faking an emergency. (The prologue to The progressions that Bush needed to bring would have really placed the Social Security System in emergency. His privatization plan would have half controlled portion of the Social Security assets into private records. This would have made the Social Security reliant on the Trust Funds, which would have exhausted the Trust Funds twenty years sooner, and thus installments to the individuals would have diminished by 70%. This would have made a genuine emergency. The Social Security Trust Fund has been in activity for around seventy years. There was a much more terrible emergency in 1983. The Trust Fund was going to deplete at that point, yet the issue as managed, and it worked for more than fifty years. The Social Security framework has been modified a couple of times, to keep it stable. Regardless of whether the administration just sits inert and sits idle, at that point the Trust Fund is said to run out in 2035. However, and still, after all that the Social Security would not be down and out. So the supposed emergency said to have happened, isn't a very remarkable danger. The Social Security is settled and is said to run adequately for the following numerous years. In the event that it is compromised by anything, it is the ‘reforms’ of the legislators and their assaults on then framework. Their

Answer questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Answer questions - Essay Example The narrative incorporates different individual accounts of people who have attempted to battle the norm in an offer to change the wellbeing part (Susan and Mathew, 2012). Question One: Importance of Preventive Medicine in Family Care Preventive medication is at the center of the narrative. One of the goals of the narrative is to support avoidance as opposed to restoring sicknesses. The ebb and flow human services framework is centered around rewarding infections as opposed to on discovering preventive arrangements. This has brought about Americans spending a ton on medicinal services yet the condition is by all accounts compounding lately. The narrative uncovers that the human services costs in America are quickly expanding advertisement could arrive at a yearly figure of about 4.2 trillions, which is about 20% of the country’s GDP (Gross Domestic Product) in ten years’ time (Susan and Mathew, 2012). The film further uncovers that the country spends up as much as of 30 0 billion dollars on pharmaceutical medications and about 75% of the all out social insurance costs are spent on preventable maladies (Susan and Mathew, 2012). These preventable ailments can likewise be ascribed to the rising instances of incapacity among Americans. The best significance of preventive medication in family care as indicated by the narrative would be a decrease in medicinal services costs (Susan and Mathew, 2012). Americans would need to spend less on treatment and their ways of life would be improved a lot. The nation will have the option to set aside a ton of cash to put resources into different divisions of the economy. This will likewise advance sound living among individuals henceforth staying away from preventable sicknesses. Question Two: Main Issues the Film Raises with Current Healthcare System The narrative brings huge numbers of the issues influencing human services division to the front line. It raises issues influencing specialist organizations in all are as including essential consideration and family care among others. The narrative portrays the present social insurance part as broken as in it is benefit driven instead of patient driven, and concentrated on convenient solutions as opposed to advancing anticipation (Susan and Mathew, 2012). The present human services framework is depicted as being immensely lavish with numerous superfluous costs going in to medical issues that can be forestalled. The film additionally expresses that the present wellbeing framework has neglected to understand any unmistakable outcomes since the medical problems have determinedly been influencing Americans with more individuals being incapacitated and progressively other experiencing weight issues because of preventable causes. Question Three: Ways in Which an Existing Practice May Undermine Patient Outcomes Patient results might be sabotaged from various perspectives in the present wellbeing framework. A large portion of the specialist co-ops are ben efit focused rather than showing restraint focused. They would prefer to offer patients transient arrangements with the goal that the patients spend more on treatment at the administration provider’s advantage. Question Four: New Approaches for Improving Patient Outcomes The narrative advances two fundamental methodologies that can successfully change the whole wellbeing framework and improve persistent results. These are putting more spotlight on high-contact and precaution systems. A methodology depending more on high touch will guarantee a great deal of consideration is given to the patient and the administration they get through a more up close and personal methodology that guarantees there is a comprehension between the patients

Freedom and Determinism

â€Å"Freedom, Determinism, and the Case for Moral Responsibility: A Look Back at the Murder of Jamie Bulger† starts by recounting the egregious wrongdoing that is the focal point of this paper. On February twelfth 1993, British baby Jamie Bulger kidnapped at a nearby shopping center in Liverpool, England. Proof that the multi year old was beaten, explicitly attacked, and clubbed to death with blocks and an iron bar before disposing of his body on train tracks. The age of his two attackers, Jon Venables and Robert Thompson, ten years old.Then they start to clarify the distinction of suppositions on the duty of the killers. One side names the young men as savages and lawbreakers, while the different contends that they are â€Å"victims of more extensive social, monetary, and social procedures. † Sparking the inquiry, would we say we are really answerable for how we act in the public eye? The article at that point proceeds onward to the protection of determinism and how i t identifies with this particular occasion, expressing that, â€Å"From a determinist perspective, Jon Venables’s and Robert Thompson’s destiny was set even before their birth.Born to poorly taught, common laborers guardians, the subtleties of the boys’ lives establish an authentic inventory of social ills. † The paper illuminates us on the harsh and negative conditions that both Jon Venables and Robert Thompson were brought up in. Jon’s guardians were â€Å"unstable and depressed,† and his father in the end relinquished his damaging mother, himself and his â€Å"developmentally challenged† kin. Thompson was the second most youthful of â€Å"seven brutal and forceful boys†¦ one of whom was a pyro criminal and another who was an ace hoodlum. His folks were lushes and he saw his mom being beaten by his dad in numerous alcoholic driven vicious upheavals. The inquiry is raised if Venables and Thompson are ethically answerable for th e activities prompting the homicide of little Jamie. Here is the place the paper truly jumps into the determinist philosphy, expressing â€Å"the Determinist contention holds that a person’s heredity and condition fix the decision before it is made. † Using genuine sources, for example, â€Å"The Delusion of Free Will† by Robert Blatchford and â€Å"What Means This Freedom† by John Hospers, the article presents sound thinking to the determinist view.Taking from Blatchford, the point â€Å"that educating is a piece of our condition and that we go about as we have been trained that we should act. In this manner, however we may go about as we pick, we will pick as heredity and condition prompt us to choose† John Hospers recommends that one considers no liable for any of ones activities since activities â€Å"grow out of his character, which is formed and shaped and made what it is by impacts . . . that were not of his own creation or choosing† The paper likewise presents a few contentions against the deterministic view from the unrestrained choice perspective.Another exposition, â€Å"A Brief Defense of Free Will† by Tibor Macha, and his supposition â€Å"the reality that a few people with terrible childhoods end up being law breakers while others are not too bad would appear to demonstrate that individuals can cause and are liable for probably some of what they do,† is inspected. In â€Å"The Problem of Free Will,† W. T. Stace states, â€Å"In the instance of Jamie Bulger’s killers, youthful as they were at that point, the drive to incur unbelievable agony on the little child, right now they did it, doesn't appear to have been remotely caused. They wanted to do it. They were not propelled by any outer factor, for example, the famous firearm to the head.They were ethically answerable for their activity and in this way had the right to be rebuffed. † While this paper makes a sensible and educated contention for us to attempt to see violations like this from an increasingly deterministic view, I make some hard memories changing over. Being that I am a criminal equity major, I am mindful that there are a wide range of speculations on why violations are carried out, and not just what ought to be done to help keep them from happening once more, yet what sort of treatment or discipline the perpetrator(s) ought to get to all the more adequately restore them.I am one that remains with firm equity on ruthless acts this way, paying little heed to age. Despite the fact that in a savage and criminalistic condition, the children were not legitimately compelled to carry out such a frightful demonstration, nor did they ever observe it from their folks. Subsequently, as I would like to think, the obligation exists in the children for their longing to torment, however slaughter.

HealthCare Fraud

Medicinal services Fraud For a long time the United States government has taken distinct fascination on the government assistance of the medicinal services buyers, particularly with respect to social insurance extortion. Strikingly there have been various false exchanges inside the American medicinal services framework, which have had serious clinical and budgetary ramifications. In particular, the United States government has lost billion of dollars because of human services misrepresentation. This is combined with numerous patients who have been conned off their advantages because of move of approach to an alternate. Subsequently the United States government thought of laws to control the medicinal services segment and limit, just as indict instances of extortion. These laws are broadly alluded to as The Anti-Kickback Statutes. The instance of Sundown Community Hospital and Central Park Medical Group joint endeavor, which offered monetary advantages to encourage the concession to the exchange to patients, a larger part of whom are under Medicare plan, abuses the necessity of the Anti-Kickback law. Be that as it may, this arrangement can in any case be defended in the event that it is demonstrated along an alternate methodology which satisfies the prerequisite of ‘safe harbor’ exemptions.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on HealthCare Fraud explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More There have been various social insurance milestone cases, for example, Feldstein v. Nash Community Health Services, Inc., which have delivered various dire concerns. Get the job done to express that medicinal services issues are perplexing and confounded to the degree that the United States government built up a lot of point by point sculptures alluded to as the Anti-Kickback Statutes to address developing issues in human services arrangement (Office of Inspector General, 1999; Altshuler, Creekpaum and Fang 2008). The principle reason for this law is to shiel d the government assistance of medicinal services shoppers from misuse by fake human services suppliers. One of the significant worries that emerge is the assurance of whether any (human services) exchange is either a minor wrongdoing or misrepresentation. In such manner, it is the essential goal of the examiner to decide if there was aim and target of acquiring payoffs. Moreover, banter despite everything ranges on, on the meaning of the terms payoff and pay off. Out of Subsequent cases, there have risen a few understandings of the terms payoff. The United States V Hancock case expected the more extensive understanding of the term payoff as the purposeful getting of installments deceitfully. This definition doesn't in any case, address different issues of concern, for example, nonfinancial advantages. Accordingly, the congressional changes of 1977 specified that Medicare misrepresentation didn't need to bring about a payoff. At present, the Social Security Act specifies that any ga thering in a Medicare understanding can't offer or get installments or some other advantages to design a business bargain (Schwartz, 2003). Much the same as the Feldstein v. Nash Community Health Services, Inc., the Sundown Community Hospital and Central Park Medical Group joint endeavor includes budgetary and standardized savings benefits to representatives. Dusk Community Hospital is expecting to make the arrangement a triumph and as such needs to assemble an alluring proposal to Central Park Medical Group as far as lasting staff benefits to Central Park owners.Advertising Looking for inquire about paper on wellbeing law? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This additionally incorporates month to month rewards. Since the arrangement is proposed by Sundown Community Hospital, the benefits to Central Park Medical Group staff are expected to cause an intrigue to and as such maintain a strategic distance from any issue with the arra ngement. Besides, 60% of the human services shoppers at Central Park Medical Group are under Medicare plan. This infers Sundown Community Hospital stands to profit straightforwardly from the joint responsibility for customers who are on Medicare. Such ramifications made Sundown Community Hospital to offer payoffs as far as backhanded installments to changeless staff, to effectively build the arrangement. It would thus be able to be inferred that such payoffs were made resolutely and intentionally to initiate business. The counter payoff resolution forbids and condemns any hardheaded installments made purposely to build the referral or move of any person who is a recipient of any medicare conspire. As such the rule proposes criminal punishments for any installments made, for example, in the United States v Jain to incite the said referrals and moves, which incorporates jail terms and fines. Moreover, any gathering found to have unyieldingly offer or gotten such installments draws in criminal risk for such offenses (Romano and Fox, 2009). This case is thusly in contradiction of the Anti-payoff Statutes just as the 1996 guideline on the development of medicinal services shoppers between suppliers, alluded to as The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (Price and Norris, 2009). In this way, the joint endeavor between Sundown Community Hospital and Central Park Medical Group can't continue since the two gatherings deals with criminal indictments for giving and getting aberrant installment to instigate referrals of Medicare shoppers. This arrangement can anyway proceed, yet under the 1972 congressional revisions which accommodated certain sheltered harbors guidelines. Inside these guidelines, there are sure business exchanges which are can be excluded from the Anti-Kickback Statutes (Schwartz, 2003). While there are various safe harbor guidelines, two explicit one can shield this arrangement from criminal risk. Claim to fame Referral Arrangements betw een Providers is a guideline inside the Anti-payoff Statutes that protects the referrals and move of Medicare recipients between suppliers. Under this arrangement, it is conceivable to allude a patient from the essential doctor to an auxiliary doctor on grounds of particular treatment.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on HealthCare Fraud explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The guideline likewise specifies that the gathering to whom the patient is being alluded to has the commitment of alluding the patient back to the essential social insurance supplier sooner or later over the span of the treatment (Office of Inspector General, 1999). Get the job done to say that this sort of a game plan is firmly checked to guarantee that such exchanges are persuaded by the requirement for additional clinical treatment from specific doctor and not planned to profit the second party monetarily. Accordingly, Sundown Community Hospital and Central Park Medical Group tolerant exchanges are just relevant on the grounds of specific clinical treatment. Besides, Anti-Kickback Statutes don't absolve such sort of an exchange to the degree of money related advantages if the patient is on a Federal Healthcare plan. For this situation, the gatherings engaged with this arrangement need to guarantee that the 60% of patients are under a state controlled clinical arrangement before petitioning for exclusion from the Anti-Kickback Statutes. Move of patients who are on any type of Medicare plan isn't really a cheat. All things considered, the gatherings included may not be criminally obligated for building tolerant exchange and co proprietorship bargains on specific grounds. The Sundown Community Hospital/Central Park Medical Group joint endeavor is anyway suspect. Acquiring from decisions, for example, Feldstein v. Nash Community Health Services, United States V Hancock and others, the two gatherings included are criminally obligated since they intenti onally traded installments as a component of the business understanding. As such the arrangement isn't roused by clinical reasons and as such should be overhauled to abstain from prosecution.Advertising Searching for investigate paper on wellbeing law? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Reference List Altshuler, M., Creekpaum, J., Fang, J.. (2008). Medicinal services extortion. The American Criminal Law Review, 45(2), 607-664. Office of Inspector General (1999). Government Anti-Kickback Law and administrative safe harbor. Web. Value, M., and Norris, D. (2009). Medicinal services extortion: Physicians as salaried lawbreakers? Diary of American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law. Web. Romano, D. also, Fox, A. (2009). What to do when you’re enlistment understanding leaves town. AHLA Connections. Web. Schwartz, J. (2003). Explaining on hoax exchanges as proof of infringement of the counter payoff rule. Diary of Law Policy. Web.

How to Write a Good Academic Essay

How to Write a Good Academic EssayAre you still wondering how to write a good academic essay? If so, perhaps you should stop and take a look at how this article was written. The article will explain some of the different approaches that are used by different professors to create an excellent essay. By using this approach you will be able to understand how to write a good academic essay.Your professor is going to judge your performance based on three factors. Firstly, it is important to make sure that your essay contains a convincing argument. This means that you need to get your point across in the most clear and concise way possible.Secondly, you need to use original research and cite external sources that support your points. It is possible to get this information by doing research yourself or searching the internet, but it is far easier if you can find information from a professional such as a professor.Thirdly, your professor will be looking for an enjoyable experience when readi ng your paper and it is important that your essay looks like it has been well written and understood. You need to make sure that it appears professional and inviting.As previously mentioned, this is an important part of how to write a good academic essay. The way your professor reads your essay is going to be directly linked to your grade and how well your grade reflects your overall performance.There are three different approaches that your professor will use to read your essay. Each approach differs in the length of time it takes to read the essay, the format of the essay and the number of people who read it.The first way that your professor will read your essay is using two different approaches. Firstly, your professor will read it as a group. In this situation your essay will be read in one of two ways.Either you or all the other students will read the essay, or you will read the essay individually. If you read the essay as a group you will be able to discuss it more clearly.

Taiwanese Aborigines Research Paper - 2750 Words

Taiwanese Aborigines (Research Paper Sample) Content: NameCourse TitleInstructorDue DateThe Taiwanese AboriginesIntroductionThe Taiwanese Aboriginals are some of the largest indigenous groups in Taiwan. Such groups have been attributed to many tribes from which their distribution has been enhanced. The island population is their central mixture. They are also believed to be almost 2% of the total island population mixture. According to the analysis of the current history concerning the central talents and engagement of the communities, music and art are some of the specific talents that have been attributed to the Taiwanese Aborigines. According to the statistics, the Taiwanese Aborigines are estimated to be about 510,000 in number (Clark, 34). The historical perspectives of the Taiwanese aborigines can be traced from the existence of the Austronesia ethnic groups. The ethnic group defines their genetics and linguistic ties within the specific characters and traits. This paper aims at discussing the Yami tribe as part o f the Taiwanese Aborigines.The History of the Taiwanese AboriginesThe historical description of this group has been based on several issues involving their association as well as the cultural development and implications. The culture of the civilizers, the location, behavior, and other issues related to the prior contacts that the people met from different environments. The colonizing forces were some of the elements that engaged the division of the Taiwanese aborigines into different groups and subgroups called the tribes. The Taiwanese government made official recognition of the 14 tribes of the aborigines (Clark, 94). According to the historical origins of the aborigines, they were associated with living in the mountains. They later migrated to the cities as a way of ensuring earning of income as the social worker groups.The aboriginals lived in frightening conditions; they were given deficient water and food allotments and not enough sanitation facilities. Not only that the accesses to amenities like pubs, cafes and swimming pools were all denied to Aboriginal people. Charles Perkins was an organizer for the freedom rides. He got university students on a bus trip to see if they could help. They named themselves the SAFA, the student action for aborigines. They were objecting to increasing awareness of the issue. At one swimming pool,, aboriginals weren't allowed into the pool (Clark, 75). This influenced the SAFA to oppose and ultimately the local government approved the aboriginals to swim. This was a great breakthrough that pointed to the desegregation of that society. Charles Perkins then went on and brought justice and fairness to the lives of many aboriginals around the state.During these years, the government was shifting its views constantly on aboriginals; it wasn't till the 27th of May 1967, that aboriginal's right to vote and be counted in the census were granted (Clark, 4). However since the beginning, each state had their different views on the matter. However in the end the aboriginals were given their rights.What are Aboriginal rights?Aboriginal rights are collective rights that flow from Aboriginal peoples' continued use and occupation of certain areas. They are inherent rights that Aboriginal peoples have exercised and relished since European contact. Since each First Nation has historically operated as a distinguished society, there is no one executive overarching Indigenous representations of what these rights are. Although these discrete rights may deviate from Aboriginal associations, in general they cover powers to the land, rights to income resources and activities, the right to self-determination and self-government, and the right to practice one's culture and customs including language and religion. Aboriginal rights have not been granted from external sources but are a consequence of Aboriginal peoples' ownership of their home territories as well as their ongoing social structures and political and legal systems (Davison, and Barbara 12). As such, Aboriginal virtues are separate from rights afforded to non-Aboriginal Canadian citizens under Canadian common law.The Yami PeopleThe Yami people are among the 14 tribes of the Taiwanese Aboriginal in the Taiwan. This group is considered to be much nearer and closer to the Ivatan people as compared to the other groups. These groups are known for their ability to make the native canoes as a way of expressing their tribe. This group originally identified itself as the Tau from the Chinese term meaning the people. Yami also lived in the islands. They currently live in the Lanyu Island that is considered close to the Philippines. The closeness of these groups implies that there is a closeness in the language that exists between the Philippines and the Yami people (Hiatt 1). According to the statistical estimation of the distribution of the Yami group, there are about 4000 Yami people in the Island of Lanyu (Hiatt 98). According to the in formation provided about the Yami, they were the last to gain encounter with the Chinese groups. The natural barriers are some of the specific reasons that hindered the migration of such groups to the Chinese regions. According to the information provided about the Yami, the tribe engaged in sustenance fishing activities as some of their central means of survival. According to information, the men were some of the groups that engaged in the fishing activities with an aim of forming an existing all-around community in their operational perspective.The political organization of the Yami people is based on the various activities involved in their advisory roles. For example, from the historical perspective of the people, it is approximated that there are no chiefs involved in the advisory roles. Instead, the family elders are always selected to enhance the explanations as part of the advisory roles and duties (Hiatt 19). The young people were meant to learn from the elders through the observation of practices that may ensure the increase in the moral practices and maintenance in theThe Modern Life of the YamiThe modern life of the Yami people can also be elaborated in numerous perspectives. The group is considered the most peaceful among the other groups of the aborigines. The existence of the community within the Lanyu Island has led to the development of a different culture that is considered expressive as the oceanic culture. The culture is associated with the summer and the spring periods in which there are active jumping fish and other oceanic incidences. There are events that exist in the fishing season and associated with their ocean-oriented cultures. The Yami group also perform activities related to the increase in the fishing practices. According to the implications of the group, there were some issues related to the fishing rituals that were considered of much importance (Hiatt 34). The Lanyu Island as one of the dwelling place of the people is con sidered one of the tourist destination in Taiwan. The tribe has a patrilineal nature of kingship. Concerning some issues such as taboos and the revenge circumstances, the tribe applied the kingship rules related to the matrilineal systems. Pottery making is also part of the cultural activities of the Yami as performed in their daily activities. The launching of a finished boat that would be used for their fishing activities is also marked as an essential activity among the Yami.The Geography and the Diets Affecting the Lives of the Yami TribeThe diameter of the orchid is estimated to be around 42 kilometers. The volcanic rocks and the oceans are part of the surroundings within the island that they inhibit. Along the shores, the Yami tribe perform farming practices in which they grow the sweet potatoes in enhancing the diet. They plant the sweet potatoes due to their roots and leaves. In the diet of the Yami people, the vegetables, and the indigenous fruits have been introduced as a way of ensuring food security. However, as stated earlier, fish and the ocean food forms part of their main diet within both their traditional and the modern lives (Hiatt 11). Millet farming is also another source of their livelihood as part of the ongoing operations. The flying fish are highly considered among the Yami people.The Customs of the Yami PeopleThe Yami people have their customs based on the issues of interest such as the spirits of the land. According to the Yami, there exists a natural spirit within them called the Kami. According to their custom, kami is considered one of the natural spirits existing in their land. One of the aspects of this spirit is that it exists in all aspects of the society. It exists in all things that exist among the Yami people. There are many dance cultures that are also associated with the existence of the Yami community (Hiatt 56). According to the existence of the Yami, there are two major categories of the dances that exist in the tribe. The hair dance and the spiritual warrior dance are some of the categories of dances that exist to the Yami community as part of their association with their custom activities.The Social Structure of the YamiThe social structure of the Yami can be divided into three essential sections that can be used in describing the social structure of the Yami group. One of the instances involves the definition of the overall social structure of the people. The general social structure of the people is based on the facts of kingship and the bloodline. According to the information offered on their historical development, the patriarchal clans also form their basis for the existence. There is no social stratification affecting the groups of people existing within this category (Hiatt 11). According to the formation of their social nature, even the united leadership systems do not exist. According to their general formation, the authority of th...

New World Explorations From the 1400s to 2000s - 2889 Words

History Research Project: Discovering the New World | The 15th Century Vs the 21st Century | | A comparative and contrasting document that looks into the possibility of conflict, disease spread, war, violence, and national competition in exploring outer space without recognizing our History and why we learn it. | | By Kelli O’Shea | 11/25/2011 | History 201 Section 004 U.S. History to 1877 | A LOOK INTO THE NEW WORLD Imagine a new world unfolding in front of our eyes. While science fiction movies do a marvelous job at portraying the unfathomable, we still cannot even picture the idea of what the 22nd century brings. Here we sit in the 21st century. The majority of people are too involved in cell phones,†¦show more content†¦We began questioning what was there for us, the planets and the space. Although we have been wondering and studying astrology since the beginning of time, we find ourselves most preoccupied with the idea now. Much like all new adventures and explorations, there has been failures. I am not here to talk about the failures that have happened though, just to let you know there are numerous there to be accounted for. Instead we shall look at the developments. During the Red Scare, a country competition to get to the new land first and claim or stake it like playing the board game Risk, most of our best outer space designing was made. The first rocket was USSRâ₠¬â„¢s â€Å"Sputnik 1† on October 4th, 1957. It was then followed by the first live being in orbit 1957 by the USSR, the 1st human spaceflight in 1961 by the USSR, the first spacewalk in 1965 by the USSR, the first moon landing of America with â€Å"Apollo 11† in 1969, and the first space station in 1971. Although there is much controversy to the moon landing of July 20th 1969, I include it for the sake of history being remembered that way regardless to peoples’ preferences on it being either real or fake. Fruit flies, monkeys, dogs and other animals were sent to the new world and launched into what some people pay 20-35 million US $s to do. Yes, space tourism hit its hikes, between the years 2001-2009, sending mostly celebrities past the skies for a ten day visit of the New World for a starting priceShow MoreRelatedSwot Analysis of British Petroleum Essay1113 Words   |  5 PagesBackground Company overview British Petroleum (BP) is the world largest retailer of gasoline in the United States. It ranks at the top of three global oil and gas industry. From the corporate watch website (2009), it pointed out that almost 70% of the profits are gained from the US and Europe. In addition, BP is also devoted for aviation fuels and shipping aspects. It is reported that about 900 ports and more than 1400 airports have been supplied by the BP’s lubricants and fuels. MeanwhileRead More The European Invasion of the Aztec Civilization Essay1274 Words   |  6 Pagesdied rapidly after exposure (Ehrlich, 253). This epidemic swept through the Aztec population, decreasing numbers from twenty-five million to six million (Ponting, 230). The European invasion of the Aztec civilization is just one of many examples of how European expansion affected the world. For centuries, Europeans were the leaders of expansion and exploration to many areas of the world. 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The effect of the changing patterns of human movement on the environment is leading to further environmental degradation. The history of human movement has been one of a shift from a nomadic lifestyle to a more sedentary one with the agricultural revolution. WithRead MoreFactors Which Stimulated Atlantic Maritime Exploration in 15th Century2074 Words   |  9 PagesAtlantic Maritime exploration in 15th century During the period of time 1400-1499 great gains were made by the Europeans in their quest for knowledge of the world they lived in. In this time period the Europeans circum-navigated Africa, located the territories of the West Indies and basically redrew the map of the world. All these things had one thing in common; they were the result of extensive Atlantic maritime exploration. The reasons that European engaged in such aggressive exploration in 15th centuryRead MoreFactors Which Stimulated Atlantic Maritime Exploration in 15th Century2082 Words   |  9 PagesMaritime exploration in 15th century During the period of time 1400-1499 great gains were made by the Europeans in their quest for knowledge of the world they lived in. In this time period the Europeans circum-navigated Africa, located the territories of the West Indies and basically redrew the map of the world. All these things had one thing in common; they were the result of extensive Atlantic maritime exploration. The reasons that European engaged in such aggressive exploration in 15th centuryRead MoreLeonardo Da Vinci: A Man Ahead of His Time1151 Words   |  5 Pagesto sit around watching the world go by before his eyes. Instead, the painter, sculptor, architect, musician, scientist, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, geologist, cartographer, botanist, and writer used every living moment to make his mark in history (Heydenreich). Widely considered as the most diversely talented person to have ever lived, Vinci greatly affected history and continues to impact the modern day world through his legendary a rtwork, explorations of the human body and significantRead MoreThe Environmental Performance of Chevron in Terms of Fulfilling Social Needs Within Society and Stakeholders1706 Words   |  7 PagesWith annual revenue of US $19.02 billion, Chevron Corporation is the 16th largest integrated oil and gas energy company in the world. Globally they account for a workforce of approximately 62,000 (Forbes 2011). In 2010, the company produced 2.763 million barrels of oil per day (Chevron 2012). Corporations as large as Chevron owe a great amount of responsibility towards the society and environment above and beyond the economic and legal obligations. The industry is strongly linked to environmentalRead MoreExploring Machu Picchu1908 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿I am from Peru, a country that is glorified for its beauty and history, but one of its most beautiful and reputed sites is that of Macchu Picchu. Tourists from around the world travel to see Macchu Picchu. Macchu Picchu, in fact, has been rated as one of the New Seven Wonders of the World. It is treasured by UNESCO, and continues to inspire and awe millions of people. A few years ago, I took my daughter to see the site since I wanted to give her a special treat. The following essay describes theRead MorePower and Energy Crisis of Bangladesh13714 Words   |  55 Pagespowers in the past. 1st it was the British and then stated the Pakistani regime. Continuously oppressed and exploited by these powers the resources of this country were already half exhausted. When Bangladesh emerged on 1971, the country started a new journey towards self sufficiency with whatever left over resources she had. And with those Bangladesh has maintained her pride among the developing countries for more than 40 years. The power and energy sector of Bangladesh may not be strong like other

Essay about Racial Profiling by Police is an Unjust Practice

Up to now, Americans have witnessed the abolishment of slavery, the fight against segregation, and a slew of civil rights issues that brought war to the courtrooms. Recently however, an issue has surfaced that will yet again be a definite landmark in the timeline of our nations history. The only problem is that no one is positive that it even exists, which leaves us with one very important question: Does racial profiling exist in the politically-correct world of today? The answer to this question is of great importance to the legal well-being of minorities across the country, as the existence of a program that prejudges on basis of race and demographic is a complete abomination of the bill of rights. Wars have begun over less, and if†¦show more content†¦One example is a testimony from a Mr. Alberto Lovato, a 29-year-old Latino man that who was pulled over for allegedly using a turning lane to pass other vehicles, even though police records show that the area the police o fficer stopped Mr. Lovato was more than 15 miles away from the site of the alleged violation. The police officer apparently drew his pistol, held it on Mr. Lovato, and ordered him to get out of the car and lie face down on the ground, where he was put in handcuffs and dragged toward the back of the police car. He was then held in custody based solely on his race, and questioned about gang activity, and drug and weapons trafficking. He spent several more hours in jail even after interrogation; reportedly stopped on the side of the road because of passing illegally. Why should anyone care about racial profiling? The injustice caused by labeling criminals before they act is something any American citizen should feel wronged by. It is an infringement of the rights expressed within the constitution of the United States and its amendments; a conflict that wars have been started over. Prejudice on the governments behalf is something nobody would be happy to hear about as discrimination is something most Americans make a conscious effort to avoid. One thing that comes to mind is the recent debatesShow MoreRelatedRacial Profiling in Canada Essay examples1300 Words   |  6 Pagesis dispute regarding what defines racial profiling. Critics ask Is it racist, or is a necessary part of law enforcement. Racial profiling is identified by Adele Cassola in her article as unjust whereas Denyse Coles argues that racial profiling is necessary and is not considered racism. According to the Ontario Human Rights Commission â€Å"Racial profiling is based on stereotypical assumptions because of one’s race, colour, ethnicity, etc.† whereas criminal profiling â€Å"relies on actual behaviour or onRead More An Argument Against Racial Profiling by Police Essay example834 Words   |  4 PagesThis essay will bring to light the problem of racial profiling in the police force and propose the eradication of any discrimination. The Fourth Amendment states â€Å"the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.† DespiteRead MoreThe Reality Of The Innocent1181 Words   |  5 PagesStatistics show that African-Americans and Hispanics face more discrimination from police more than any other ethnicity. This is the sad truth that many innocent people have to face throughout their lives, building unnecessary fear. Law enforcement often have harsh opinions about people based on their race and class, thus making certain ethnicities more prone to getting racially profiled. Racial profiling is unjust because people are unfairly and frequently stopped or searched by authority figuresRead MoreNarrow Views On The United States939 Words   |  4 Pagesinhumane event, but also by America government official’s racial profiling citizens of all nationalities that set foot into America territory. As citizens of the United States, we are concerned about criminality undermining our society; drugs, terrorist attacks and violence are increasing in our communities. Although crime is a serious problem in our society, government resources are limited and we live under a terrorist threat. However, racial profiling is not the solution to reduce our social issues becauseRead MoreRacism And The Criminal Justice System1739 Words   |  7 PagesWith so many news stories and incidents surrounding the topic of race and the police these days, it is not surprising for people to come to the conclusion that racism may exist within the criminal justice system. We will be taking a deeper look into the problem to find out what other possible determinants may play a role in deciding how an officer makes an arrest or stop and continue to analyze what is happening in those contexts. The issues surrounding the topic of race is like the two faces ofRead MoreColor Vs. Crime : Racial Profiling1662 Words   |  7 PagesColor vs. Crime Racial profiling, according to The Leadership Conference, â€Å"refers to the discriminatory practice by law enforcement officials of targeting individuals for suspicion of crime based on race, ethnicity, religion or national origin.† This is a troubling pressing issue in the United States till this day. Racial profiling is patently illegal and violates the U.S. Constitution’s core promises of equal protection under the law to all and freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures. MoreoverRead MoreRacial Profiling And African Americans1128 Words   |  5 Pagesguys. In order to have peace in the city, the racial profiling needs to stop. This memo is to inform you on the discrimination happenings that occur against African Americans, which take place right the New York City’s streets. This letter also contains evidence and ways to stop the racial profiling among the NYPD and African Americans. Misuse of Power Abusing power is becoming a hot topic for NYPD nowadays. There has been a lot of talk over police misusing their authority over the people and minoritiesRead MorePolice Brutality Based On Racial Profiling1682 Words   |  7 Pagesthe key to getting the job done. For years, minorities have fallen victim to police brutality based on racial profiling, stereotypes and other unjustifiable reasons that has cost several innocent lives. The involvement of officers in police brutality against minority social groups causes tainted and negative views on policing and their overall duty to protect, when they are ultimately the aggressors in this case. Police brutality is a violent incident involving an officer and a victim, usually includingRead MoreRacism Is Not As Cruel Essay1679 Words   |  7 PagesAfrican-Americans or any minority of different racial groups face several challenges in their everyday life, like the difference in income, education, health, and criminal justice. This essay wil l outline the main problems of racism that still occur in the community of African-Americans, particularly focusing on racial profiling, shooting of unarmed black citizens and different criminal justice that has been unfairly justified. Racial profiling is the practice of law enforcement officers targeting individualsRead MoreRacial Profiling Is A Problem969 Words   |  4 Pages Racial profiling has been an issue in society for as long as America had a criminal justice system. Racial profiling is a problem because it refers discriminatory practice bye-law enforcement officials of targeting individuals for suspicion of crime based on the individual s race, ethnicity, religion or national origin. In 1868, the fourteenth amendment was ratified which states, No state. Shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws, would have made racial

Mamoru Oshiis Ghost in The Shell - 1830 Words

Mamoru Oshii’s Ghost in The Shell Science fiction has been a staple of film entertainment since George Melies first explored the genre in his 1902 Le Voyage Dans La Lune. While even as early an example as this contained many defining features of the genre which are still present today, over 100 years of exploring the genre has both expanded and more accurately defined what makes a film fit the science fiction niche. This paper seeks to explore elements of Mamoru Oshii’s Ghost in The Shell and how they conform to science fiction genre standards. These topics will include plot and thematic elements, as well as film techniques and iconography. Furthermore, the film will be examined through the reflectionist approach to determine how†¦show more content†¦Science fiction is distinctive by building such feats in constructs that seem feasible. In the Star Wars series (which is undeniably quintessential science fiction), we see Jedis perform such seemingly magical feats – an element that appears to sup erficially cater to standard fantasy. We eventually learn, however, that these powers are based at the genetic level – effectively lending to an â€Å"atmosphere of scientific credibility.† Qui-Gon Gin explains to Anakin in the novel adaptation of George Lucas’s Phantom Menace: â€Å"Midi-Chlorians are microscopic lifeforms that reside within the cells of all living things and communicate with the Force.† (Brooks, 245). Just as Star Wars sets itself apart from standard fantasy by basing the seemingly supernatural on story elements more scientifically feasible than magic and mysticism in order to aid in suspending disbelief, so to does Ghost in the Shell. While Star Wars utilizes microscopic life-forms to accomplish this, Ghost in the Shell arguably better succeeds in creating an â€Å"atmosphere of scientific credibility† by using something we’re all much more familiar with than microbiology: computers. Many of the characters in Ghost in the Shell including our hero, Major Motoko Kusanagi, are seen performing superhuman feats similar to Jedis. They are seen performing seemingly impossible stunts such as in the opening of the film when the Major jumps off of a tall building to repel through one of itsShow MoreRelated Essay on Shirows Ghost in the Shell877 Words   |  4 Pages Shirows Ghost in the Shell nbsp; The real beauty of Mamoru Oshiis adaptation of Shirows Ghost in the Shell lies in its attention to detail and the sheer cohesiveness of these details which collectively form complex ideas and plot. In nearly every detail and every plot element lies some tie to the key themes of the anime. Some of the main themes deal with the commodification of the flesh and body; the separation between ones spirit and body; and the idea that a static environment or organismRead More Artificial Intelligence in Gibsons Idoru and Oshiis Ghost in the Shell3570 Words   |  15 PagesArtificial Intelligence in Gibsons Idoru and Oshiis Ghost in the Shell      Ã‚   Introduction If people knew what scientists are up to, they would not be sleeping as calmly as they do today. If only they knew, they would read more carefully what the cyberpunk authors have to say.    The purpose of this work is not only to compare the pictures of Artificial Intelligence (hereafter referred to simply as AI) included in two major works of cyberpunk genre, but also to show the connection

Womens Liberation in the 1920s Essay example - 1652 Words

America is the land of opportunity. It is a place of rebirth, hope, and freedom. However, it was not always like that for women. Many times in history women were oppressed, belittled, and deprived of the opportunity to learn and work in their desired profession. Instead, their life was confined to the home and family. While this was a noble role, many females felt that they were being restricted and therefore desired more independence. In America, women started to break the mold in 1848 and continued to push for social, political, educational, and career freedom. By the 1920s, women had experienced significant â€Å"liberation†, as they were then allowed to vote, hold public office, gain a higher education, obtain new jobs, drastically change†¦show more content†¦Accordingly, frontier women gained the right to vote and over time other states granted females suffrage, in full or in part. Women became influential in elections and had an effect on who was elected into C ongress. These members were then more obligated to vote for a women’s suffrage amendment to the Constitution. Finally, in 1920 the 19th Amendment was passed in part due to these members of Congress and because women had played a major role in supporting the country during World War I. The amendment stated that nobody could be denied the right to vote based on their gender. This was a great stepping stone for females that allowed them to participate in the world of politics and decide who their leaders were. No longer was the woman a voiceless bystander. Not only were women voting for their nation’s officials, they were some of the ones being elected. Starting in as early as 1866, women had been running for various public offices and in some rare cases they won the election. For example, Susanna Salter was elected mayor of Argonia, Kansas in 1887; Martha Hughes Cannon was elected to the Utah State Senate in 1896; and Jeannette Rankin entered the United States House of R epresentatives in 1917. By the 1920s, women had become more involved in government and were being elected in greater numbers. They had the opportunity and power to organize laws and bills that they hadShow MoreRelated Womens Liberation in the 1920s: Myth or Reality? Essay3466 Words   |  14 PagesWomens Liberation in the 1920s: Myth or Reality? The decade following World War I proved to be the most explosive decade of the century. America emerged as a world power, the 19th amendment was ratified, and the expansion of capitalism welcomed the emergence of consumerism. The consumer era was established, which generated new spending opportunities for most Americans in the 1920’s. From the latest fashions to the world of politics, ideologies collided to construct a society based on contradictingRead MoreWomens Liberation Movement Essay1219 Words   |  5 PagesWomens Liberation Movement Betty Friedan wrote that the only way for a woman, as for a man, to find herself, to know herself as a person, is by creative work of her own. The message here is that women need more than just a husband, children, and a home to feel fulfilled; women need independence and creative outlets, unrestrained by the pressures of society. Throughout much of history, women have struggled with the limited roles society imposed on them. The belief that women were intellectuallyRead MoreEssay on Feminine Beauty921 Words   |  4 Pagesbetween the womens movement, or lack there of, and societys feelings about woman and their aesthetic appearance. A womans beauty during the 1910s and early 1920s was not an aspect of ones life to be contemplated heavily. Woman pre 19th amendment were more concerned with gaining recognition of their equality then how they looked. Woman felt beauty came from with in and was not a product one could buy. Attractiveness was being strong and powerful: In the late 1910s and early 1920s femaleRead MoreJazz Music, Freedom and Women1334 Words   |  5 Pagesnatural swing of jazz had made it ideal for these dances as it has uneven rhythm. This new music was then recognised as a symbol of rebellion and flock to speakeasies, cabarets and dance halls in order for the young generation to enjoy it. In 1920s, Jazz musicians began to move especially in Chicago in North. Due to The Great Migration during World War I and World War II, jazz was highly on demand. Sonny Rollins, a famous jazz saxophonist later illustrates that: â€Å"Jazz was not a music; it wasRead More1920s Fashion - Research Paper1069 Words   |  5 PagesThe 1920’s fashion was a period of liberation, change, and even more importantly a movement towards the modern era. Fashion in the 1920’s varied throughout the decade but one could see the noticeable change from the previous fashion statements and eras. At the start of the decade, women began emancipating themselves from the constricting fashions by wearing more comfortable apparel. As women gained more rights and World War I forced them to become more independent, flappers came to be, mass-producedRead MoreThis essay, 1920s vs 1960s, writen in AABB format, deals with the comparison of; general statistics, fashion styles of both men women, music, controversial issues.1502 Words   |  7 Pages1920s vs. 1960s Over the past century, people living in the United States have experienced many changes. As the times change, so do the people. In the 1920s, people acted differently then compared to the people in the 1960s. Yet, they both have one thing in common; they shaped our history. In the 1920s, about 106,521,537 people inhabited the United States. It was a rough period in our history, with about 2,132,000 people unemployed and murder, swindles, and racketeering as the most popularRead MoreDid Flappers Have a Positive Effect on Women’s Rights in America in the 1920s?948 Words   |  4 PagesDId flappers have a positive effect on women’s rights in America in the 1920s? Throughout the ages women have been stricken with often male-made oppression in many forms on the long, difficult road to their eventual initiation into equal rights. Some aspects of women’s rights today were obtained by questionable means in the past. One such act of liberation by questionable means was the introduction of a class of women in the 1920s known as flappers. These flappers were the beginning of a newRead MoreFeminism : The New Woman934 Words   |  4 Pagesher hair short, and smokes (Newton, 570). With their masculine traits seen as unacceptable in society, they struggled to be themselves and, like the New Women, suffered from the strict gender roles and ideas of womanhood. 2. By the 1920s, women’s styles became less traditionally feminine with clothing transforming into minimalistic and casual styles, and hairstyles becoming short with the bob (Roberts, 658). Whereas pre-War styles had been more extravagant and accentuated the womanly figureRead MoreRepresentation Of Women s Representation Essay1351 Words   |  6 Pageswith regard to women’s representation in the media. The document argues that the media portrays women as either hyper sexualized, too conservative, too submissive, or too dominant and so on. The main idea is that TV, advertisements, magazines, and music too often portray women in a negative, male biased light. This documentary detailed many examples of these phenomena occurring in our society. A great example of the negative representation of women in the media is the use of women’s bodies in advertisementsRead MoreWomen s Representation Of Women Essay1348 Words   |  6 Pageswith regard to women’s representation in the media. The document argues that the media portrays women as either hyper sexualized, too conservative, too submissive, or too dominant and so on. The main idea is that TV, advertisements, magazines, and music too often portray women in a negative, male biased light. This documentary detailed many examples of these phenomena occurring in our society. A great example of the negative representation of women in the media is the use of women’s bodies in advertisements

The Holocaust Non-Jewish Victims - 884 Words

After Germany lost World War I, it was in a national state of humiliation. Their economy was in the drain, and they had their hands full paying for the reparations from the war. Then a man named Adolf Hitler rose to the position of Chancellor and realized his potential to inspire people to follow. Hitler promised the people of Germany a new age; an age of prosperity with the country back as a superpower in Europe. Hitler had a vision, and this vision was that not only the country be dominant in a political sense, but that his ‘perfect race’, the ‘Aryans,’ would be dominant in a cultural sense. His steps to achieving his goal came in the form of the Holocaust. The most well known victims of the Holocaust were of course, the Jews.†¦show more content†¦They wanted control of that land because of the plentiful agricultural land that would be used to feed the great German race. The Pols were part of a bigger group of people known as the Slavs. ‘To the Nazis, the Slavs were considered Untermenschen, or subhumans’ (‘Victims’). They were treated as though they weren’t people, and Hitler and the Nazis viewed them as just another obstacle to expanding the great German living space. Now what makes the Slavs unique from the other persecuted groups, is that they were not characterized by religion or physical trait, but rather, because of the area of the world they were born in. Also, the mobile killing squads and death camps were not exclusive to just one sub-group within the Slavs; Hitler’s genocidal efforts reached to all kinds of Slavic people. When the Nazi Party came to power in Germany, the members of the communist and socialist parties resisted its takeover. The Nazis sent most of them to concentration camps where they were considered ‘political prisoners.’ A prominent camp for political prisoners was Dachau. Another group of victims in the Holocaust was the mentally and physicall y handicapped. It Hitler’s mind, his new vision of the world needed to be ‘perfect’ and these people threatened it. The majority of the handicapped were killed on the spot instead of being put through the concentration camps. In 1939, the ‘euthanasiaShow MoreRelatedPreserving Memory : The Struggle For Creating America s Holocaust Museum871 Words   |  4 PagesPreserving Memory: The Struggle to Create America’s Holocaust Museum was written by Edward T. Linenthal. This book was published by the Columbia University Press in New York. The book was copyrighted in 1995 and then once again in 2001. This book also has 336 pages. Preserving Memory: The Struggle to Create America’s Holocaust Museum gives the reader an extensive overview in the development of the Holocaust Memorial Museum that is located in Washington D.C. In this edition of the book, LinenthalRead MoreEssay on The Holocaust1099 Words   |  5 Pages The Holocaust The first research in the late 1940s and early 1950s focused on the Jewishness of the Holocaust. Called the Final Solution by the Germans, it was the object of two pivotal studies, both of which had the Jews at the center of their treatment. The first was The Final Solution by Gerald Reitlinger and the second The Destruction of the European Jews by Raul Hilberg. Most major studies since have had the same focus: Lucy Dawidowicz (The War Against theRead MoreElaina Didonato . 4/29/17. Prof. Andrew Donson. German1508 Words   |  7 PagesGerman 376 / History 387 Final Paper Essay Topic: Victims Eleven Million Victims and Counting Eleven million individuals were victimized by the Holocaust. Six million of those victims were Jewish, while the other five million were groups targeted by the Nazi’s because they didn’t fit their discriminative criteria. Inhumane practices were used in attempts to purify and unify the German state (Novick, 225). When the Holocaust is discussed, the Jewish victims are usually the main focal point of the massiveRead MoreThe Holocaust Was An Ultimate Abomination Of Nazi1484 Words   |  6 PagesThe Holocaust was an ultimate abomination of Nazi racism that occurred between 1938 and 1945. The word Holocaust derived from the Greek word holokauston, which stands for a burnt sacrifice that is offered whole to God. The word was chosen for this occurrence because of the amount of dead bodies that were cremated in open fires by Nazis. The Holocaust was known for the mass murders of European Jews that took place during the Second World War. European Jews were the fundamental vict ims during the HolocaustRead MoreNazi Crimes And The Holocaust1231 Words   |  5 Pageslogistics and the carrying out of the genocide. Other victims of Nazi crimes included Romanians, Ethnic Poles and other Slavs, Soviet POWs, communists, homosexuals, Jehovah s Witnesses and the mentally and physically disabled. A network of about 42,500 facilities in Germany and German-occupied territories were used to concentrate victims for slave labor, mass murder, and other human rights abuses. Over 200,000 people are estimated to have been Holocaust perpetrators. Beginning in 1941, Jews from allRead MoreEssay on German Genocide Target 841 Words   |  4 Pagesthe Holocaust. It is astonishing to realize how racist and cruel the Nazis acted towards the Jews. According to A Teacher’s Guide to the Holocaust, once Hitler was in control of the German government â€Å"he translated his harsh feeling toward Jews into many policies and statutes which eroded the rights of German Jews from 1 933-1939† (â€Å"Victims†). The anti-Jewish racist legislation passed The Nuremberg Laws in September, 1935. These laws made an extremely in depth Nazi definition of who was Jewish. ARead MoreFactors Leading to the Holocaust Essay1462 Words   |  6 Pagesimprint on the world’s history. While some may leave a smear on the world’s past, some – like the homicide of Semitic people – may leave a scar. The Holocaust, closely tied to World War II, was a devastating and systematic persecution of millions of Jews by the Nazi regime and allies. Hitler, an anti-Semitic leader of the Nazis, believed that the Jewish race made the Aryan race impure. The Nazis did all in their power to annihilate the followers of Judaism, while the Jews attempted to rebel, riotedRead MorePerpetrators Victims Bystanders The Jewish Catastrophe1341 Words   |  6 PagesPerpetrators Victims Bystanders The Jewish Catastrophe 1933-1945 is written by Raul Hilberg. Hilberg earn ed a bachelor’s degree from Brooklyn College and his Ph.D. from Columbia University. Hilberg also was a professor at the University of Vermont in Burlington. He is well known for actually establishing Holocaust studies. Raul Hilberg was an Austrian born citizen who came to America in 1939. He did this when he wrote and published his book Destruction of the European Jews which was met withRead MoreThe Victims Of The Holocaust1467 Words   |  6 PagesEventually, this can result in moral exclusion and these people are typically viewed as inferior, evil, or criminal.ï ¿ ½ In the holocaust, the Jews, in the eyes of Nazis, are a group of people that do not deserve moral consideration.ï ¿ ½ The Holocaust affected the lives of millions because of the hate inside of one certain group of people: the Nazi s.ï ¿ ½ The victims of the Holocaust provide an excellent example of individuals who suffered from the torment of this psychological process as, for a variety ofRead MoreThe L ack Of A Central Holocaust Memorial1621 Words   |  7 Pagescentral Holocaust memorial in Germany, a group of German citizens begins a decade-long campaign for a highly visible, national Memorial to Europe s Murdered Jews. The idea for the memorial is first proposed by journalist Lea Rosh and historian Eberhard Jaeckel who together had made a documentary about the deportation and mass murder of Europe s Jews between 1933 and 1945. November 1992 Key decisions The German government decides that the memorial should be devoted only to Jewish victims of the

In the novel George and Lennie appear different to the other ranch hands because they stay together, what ever they decide to Essay Example For Students

In the novel George and Lennie appear different to the other ranch hands because they stay together, what ever they decide to Essay In the novel George and Lennie appear different to the other ranch hands because they stay together, what ever they decide to. The main reason for this is because Lennie has a mental age of a young child and not able to look after himself properly so George looks after him. Despite Lennie being confused easily he is sure of his friendship aint nobody goin to no hurt to George. This shows the Lennie is very protective of George and will not let anything bad happen to him. They all so share a dream, a dream of owning their own piece of land and to live of the fat of the land and not have to depend on anyone. The ranch that George and Lennie go to is called Soledad. Soledad is the Spanish word for loneliness. The ranch itself is very isolated. We get this feeling because we never leave the ranch as readers; we only get told about the men going into town. When Curleys hand gets hurt in the fight he has with Lennie, we do not see him go to the doctors, but just hear about it Carlsons gonna take you to a doctor. So because of this it gives us the feeling that the doctors and the main town is far away from the ranch. The workers on the ranch are solitary and always on the move. We know this because when George and Lennie first come to the ranch, Candy, an old swamper shows them to the bunkhouse and tells George that the man that had this bed before him left heà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦just quit, the way a guy will. George and Lennie are found unusual by slim one of the ranch hands because they travel around together instead of on their own like everyone else. Everyone is passing through the ranch, all except Candy and Crooks. This is because Candy is old and only has one hand and crooks, stays on the ranch because he is coloured. Both of them know if they were to leave the ranch they would not have anywhere to go and they probably would not get a job on a different ranch. Both candy and crooks will stay on this ranch until they become too much trouble for the owner and are forced to leave. When the men get paid at the end of the month, they all go into town except Lennie crooks and candy they have a few ahcolh drinks and then pay women for their company. This shows that the men have no one perment in their lives wife, children ect and to make themselves fell better about being on their own the pay women. When we first meet Curleys wife, she looks like a prostitute as she has rouged lips and wide-spaced eyes, heavily made up. Her fingernails were redà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ She wore a cotton housedress and red mules, on the insteps of which were little bouquets of red ostrich feathers. Even some of the ranch hands think this well I think Curleys married à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦a tart. This shows that Curleys wife has flirted with some of them. All this shows that she is trying to stand out from everyone and everything including the ranch itself, as she is the only woman that we see it gives us the feeling that she has no one to talk to as all the men work and is very lonely indeed. Whenever she gets the chance to talk to o the men, she flirts with the as much as she can, just to make sure they notice her. .u90de0a1d2854bd90fad18e5d0d24885d , .u90de0a1d2854bd90fad18e5d0d24885d .postImageUrl , .u90de0a1d2854bd90fad18e5d0d24885d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u90de0a1d2854bd90fad18e5d0d24885d , .u90de0a1d2854bd90fad18e5d0d24885d:hover , .u90de0a1d2854bd90fad18e5d0d24885d:visited , .u90de0a1d2854bd90fad18e5d0d24885d:active { border:0!important; } .u90de0a1d2854bd90fad18e5d0d24885d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u90de0a1d2854bd90fad18e5d0d24885d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u90de0a1d2854bd90fad18e5d0d24885d:active , .u90de0a1d2854bd90fad18e5d0d24885d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u90de0a1d2854bd90fad18e5d0d24885d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u90de0a1d2854bd90fad18e5d0d24885d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u90de0a1d2854bd90fad18e5d0d24885d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u90de0a1d2854bd90fad18e5d0d24885d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u90de0a1d2854bd90fad18e5d0d24885d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u90de0a1d2854bd90fad18e5d0d24885d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u90de0a1d2854bd90fad18e5d0d24885d .u90de0a1d2854bd90fad18e5d0d24885d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u90de0a1d2854bd90fad18e5d0d24885d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Social and historical context of the play EssayThe men will try to avoid her as much as they can this is only because she is married to the bosses son Curley and most of the men are not so much scared of Curley himself but are scared in case they get caned lose their job. This isolates her even more, but she is aware of how the men are treating her. She is always going into the bunck house looking for Curley. This shows that she is bored and wants something to do, someone to talk to. Think I dont like to talk to somebody every once in a while? Think I like to stick in that house alla time? This shows us that all she wants to do is talk to somebody and get out of the house, as she is not a trophy for Curley to show off but an actual human being. We learn that Curleys wife also has a dream. Her dream is that she could have been a film star actress. This dream isolates her again, because in realality she is lonely and her dream is unattainable. John Steinbeck based his novel in the 1930s depression. When migrant works flooded the Californian states in search of work. It has been said that the main charters in the novel are a symphony of loneliness.

Explain Plural Franchising Entrepreneurship -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Explain Plural Franchising Entrepreneurship? Answer: Introducation Human resources management is important in organizations for a number of reasons. It is the component within organizations that oversees the human capital. Its functions include selection and recruiting employees, dealing with issues of compensation and staff development. There are several theories that have been postulated on human resources management. The different theories set up the foundational position from which the concept has developed. It explains why different companies adopt approaches that fit their organizational structures. The model that was adopted by Uber is that of agency which is heavily influenced by the resource-based theory. Background of Article The article that will be used in this report is from the Business Insider Australia, dated June 30, 2017. It is captioned Uber Australia is settling unfair dismissal cases, despite insisting drivers are not employees. The author of the article states that Uber in Australia is engaged in settling cases instituted by former drivers who used to work for the company (Yoo, 2017). The company insists the deactivated drivers were not employees but partners. Uber claims that those dismissed were abusive or violent towards their customers. The effect of settling the cases instituted in effect cancels the employment contracts between Uber and its drivers. Primary Human Resource Theory adopted by Uber The human resource theory adopted by Uber is that of Agency which creates the roles of principal and agent. In this case, Uber is the principal while the drivers are the agents. The drivers using the app provided by Uber are able to offer taxi ride services to their customers. They provide their own cars and are given the latitude and flexibility to manage their schedules. Uber provides minimal oversight to the conduct and behavior of its drivers and intervenes when specific issues are brought to its attention. There are two main problems associated with this theory: differences in attitude between principal and agent and conflict in desires and behaviors. Conflict in Behavior Conflicts may arise in the relationship between the agent and principal. The agent may behave in the manner that may not be representative of the core ideals and principles of the principal (Shapiro, 2016, p. 406). In this context, the driver employed by Uber may decide to behave in a manner that breaks the code of conduct prescribed by the company. Uber in this case states that the drivers were either violent or abusive towards their customers. This goes against the community guidelines set by the company and this can justify the dismissal of the driver. This is on the basis that the driver is not an employee and once the terms of agency have been breached, the agency is terminated. Differences in attitude The differences between the agent and principal primarily focus on the element of risk. This difference is seen with the degree of risk each partner in the agency is willing to undertake. Within the context of Uber, the drivers may be willing to engage in behavior that is risky in competing for customers when competing with traditional taxi services and drivers. Others may cross the professional boundary lines when soliciting for customers using their mobile devices. What they may assume is ordinary and common in the course of doing business may constitute as risk to Uber. The difference in attitude may be influenced by the outcomes of such behavior, with Uber bearing greater liability than the driver. Agency Loss Agency loss refers to the concept that is used to determine whether the agent has breached the interests of their principal. It shows the outcomes that are beneficial to the principal and are harmful to the agent. When the agent acts consistently with the best of interest of the principal, the agency loss is minimal tending to zero. When the agent acts in their own interest, disregarding the principals interest, agency loss is high. Xie (2017, p. 1) states that the agency loss is also high when the principal does not have enough knowledge about the activities of the agent. The lack of this information leads to agency loss. Within the context of Uber, the company may not always know about the behavior of their drivers. The local set up of Uber is minimal which works to reduce overhead costs. The best way that the company gets feedback about errant behavior of its drivers is through the social media or formal complaints instituted at the courts. The lack of close supervision of its drivers means that the principal has very little information whether they are working in their best interest. The disconnection in attitudes and interests between Uber and its drivers in Australia is what led to the agency loss which triggered the court cases. Settling the cases was the final step of canceling the agency relationship. Secondary Human Resource Theory adopted by Uber The other secondary that is seen to work at Uber is the resource-based approach. This theory rests on the postulation that companies poses resources that are unique and which cannot be easily imitated or substituted. The companies that own these resources are able to gain a competitive advantage over their competitors (Tabares, Alvarez, Urbano, 2015, p. 155). The competitive advantage translates into more clients and customers as well as more profits. In this theory, the resources are given the major role of achieving the organizational goals and objectives. There are two main resources which are important: the tangible and intangible. Tangible resources In the case of Uber, the driver is the tangible and most important resource. The driver is the face of the company and is tasked with ensuring that the expectations of the company are met in terms of customer satisfaction. The driver is also important in that they add value to the company by coming on board with their own investment in the form of their vehicle. The driver contributes significantly to the profitability of Uber by how productive they are in doing business. The drivers can be seen and quantified in terms of how many hours they log in per day and how many miles they cover. The vehicle that they own is part of the extended tangible resource they also bring on board while working with Uber. Intangible resources The intangible resources are those which cannot be quantified easily and which are hard to touch and see. These include the skills of the employees, the brand name and reputation. In the context of Uber, its app constitutes part of its intangible resource. Drivers are given access to the company app when they sign up with it. The app is a form of franchising that seeks to reduce the dangers of moral hazard and adverse selection (Gillis, Combs, Ketchen, 2014, p. 450). The brand reputation as being the most cost-effective taxi service constitutes the intangible resource of Uber. The tangible and intangibles should work together in order to produce the competitive advantage at Uber. In this particular case, the alleged misbehavior of its drivers led Uber to withdraw access by the drivers to its app. Recommendations There are four main recommendations that can be made in this case with regards to the human resources management adopted by Uber. While the style adopted prima facie by Uber is that of agency, in practice it breaks down to institutional isomorphism (Bailey, 2013, p. 108). Institutional isomorphism states that companies may behave in the manner that navigates the laid down rule and norms in order to appear as being legitimate. Uber can enter full employment contracts with its drivers which are renewable every six months. This will formalize the agency relationship and reduce agency loss. The company can also draft a form on accountability that discharges the company from liability in the event that they breach the agency relationship (Bodreau, 2017, p.4). This will also reduce agency loss and will reduce the conflict of interest between agent and principal. The drivers will be more careful as they know the consequences of their actions with regards to the company. Clear outcomes should be spelt out in terms of remedial and punitive actions that Uber may take. The company can also redesign its app so that its customers can give real time feedback on their experiences with the drivers. The total logged feedback received about a driver can be analyzed every month to gain knowledge about their behavior. Drivers whose behaviors are not consistent with the values of Uber can be warned or their contracts canceled. This works or reduces the agency loss by making the principal more knowledgeable about their drivers. Uber can also make use of its community of drivers in peer management in management using smart and soft power (Savaneviciene Stankeviciute, 2017, p. 199). ). A driver who shows consistency in behavior that is consistent with its values can be elevated as a peer leader. The peer leader can handle the issues that should have been handled by a substantive human resources department. Any concerns raised by the drivers can be channeled through the peer leader. New drivers can be inducted into the accepted culture and values expected at Uber. This will help to reduce the conflict of interests and divergent attitude. Conclusion Human resources management is important in managing the human capital in organizations. There are different theories that guide companies in the approach they take with regards to human resources practices. The approach taken by Uber in theory is that of agency where the company is the principal and the drivers are the agents. In practice, the company also engages in institutional isomorphism in order to appear legitimate. The company can enter into short-term contracts with its drivers which are renewable in order to reduce the agency loss and this is helpful in reducing court cases instituted against the company. References Bailey, J. R. (2013). The Iron Cage and the Monkey's Paw: Isomorphism, Legitimacy, and the Perils of a Rising Journal. Academy Of Management Learning Education, 12(1), 108-114. doi:10.5465/amle.2012.0248 Boudreau, J. (2017). Uber Is Finally Realizing HR Isnt Just for Recruiting. Harvard Business Review Digital Articles, 2-4. Gillis, W. E., Combs, J. G., Ketchen, D. J. (2014). Using Resource-Based Theory to Help Explain Plural Form Franchising. Entrepreneurship: Theory Practice, 38(3), 449-472. doi:10.1111/etap.1200 Savaneviciene, A., Stankeviciute, Z. (2017). Smart Power as a Pathway for Employing Sustainable Human Resource Management. Engineering Economics, 28(2), 198-206. Shapiro, S. P. (2016). STANDING IN ANOTHER'S SHOES: HOW AGENTS MAKE LIFE-AND-DEATH DECISIONS FOR THEIR PRINCIPALS. Academy Of Management Perspectives, 30(4), 404-427. doi:10.5465/amp.2013.0158 Tabares, A., Alvarez, C., Urbano, D. (2015). Born Globals from the Resource-Based Theory: a Case Study in Colombia. Journal of Technology Management Innovation, 10(2), 154-165. Xie, J. (2017). INFORMATION, RISK SHARING, AND INCENTIVES IN AGENCY PROBLEMS. International Economic Review, 58(1), 157-182. doi:10.1111/iere.12212 Yoo, T. (2017). Uber Australia is settling unfair dismissal cases, despite insisting drivers are not employees.

Sample Reflective Essay About What Makes You Who You Are Today

Sample Reflective Essay About What Makes You Who You Are TodayHaving a reflective essay on what makes you who you are today is a great way to be in touch with your own identity. Writing a reflective essay allows you to focus on the core of who you are and what it means to be you. Here is an example of a reflective essay about what makes you who you are today.A reflective essay can be very powerful, and if you can maintain the focus of the essay, you will be able to manifest the changes you want in your life. The power of the reflective essay is that it puts the focus on who you are and the life that you desire to live, and not on what you would like to change. Here is an example of a reflective essay about what makes you who you are today. Using this reflective essay as your base, write out your desired changes for yourself.As you are writing, keep the focus on yourself and what you would like to be, rather than the changes you want to make in how you live your life. You want to be t he best you can be, and reflect on how you can live that life today. Write out the questions that you need to ask yourself and then start to ask them of yourself.Reflect on what you do well, what you enjoy doing, and what you find enjoyable. You may find that you are not happy with your current job responsibilities, and you would like to be working less and have more time for yourself. Reflect on your strengths and find a way to be happy with them, and add something to them that you want to change.Reflections are powerful tools because they force you to focus on what is important. Reflecting on your strengths will force you to discover your positive qualities and what those qualities mean to you. Reflecting on your negative qualities will force you to acknowledge what those qualities mean to you, and create a plan to change the things you would like to change in your life.Reflections are powerful tools because they force you to focus on what is important. Reflecting on your strength s will force you to discover your positive qualities and what those qualities mean to you. Reflecting on your negative qualities will force you to acknowledge what those qualities mean to you, and create a plan to change the things you would like to change in your life.In order to truly reflect on yourself, you need to be thinking about your personal identity. Who you are is reflected in the choices you make in life, and that also includes the way you behave when in social situations. By reflecting on your personal identity, you will be able to identify the problems that are preventing you from living the life you desire to live.A reflective essay is one of the most powerful tools for creating the life you have always wanted. It is one of the most powerful and effective ways to affect change in your life today.

How Should Brands Handle Somber Days in the Calendar

Holidays can provide great opportunities for brands to better connect with customers and boost sales. But this is not the case for all holidays. Memorial Day and Veteran’s Day are two examples where brands have to be very attuned to what the day is about and not be seen as trying to score a profit off a day of reverence. If you come off as tone-deaf, you will receive backlash as many brands have experienced. When Bad Tweets Happen Memorial Day is right around the corner and is centered on the men and women who made the ultimate sacrifice for their country, along with their families. Here are a few fails from some well-known brands: IHOP: The International House of Pancakes started their Memorial Day tweet off right with a short and simple â€Å"Thank you,† but offended many by displaying a tall stack of red-white-and-blue berry pancakes.This made many feel like the company was trying to make Memorial Day about increasing their pancake sales. Cinnabon:This was another example of a brand trying to shoehorn their product into a Memorial Day tweet. Predictably, it backfired. Stone Brewing:The brewery company didn’t get a great reaction from its Memorial Day tweet. Getting it Right If you do want to acknowledge days of reverence, you can craft a successful post if you follow a few guidelines: Do not put your product or service in the spotlight. Focus on the reason behind the day. Keep your message simple.Major League Baseball provides a good example with this Memorial Day tweet: This tweet works because although the photo was taken at a baseball stadium, the service members take center stage.The message comes through loud and clear – the MLB respects America’s military personnel. Days like Veteran’s Day and Memorial Day require more sensitivity and understatement on social media.Always consider your target market when you plan your social media on these days and remember that not every post or tweet has to be about your company or products. By maintaining a deferential and respectful tone, you should be able to strengthen the connection with your customers instead of facing a backlash.

Matthew B. Brady essays

Matthew B. Brady essays Mathew B. Brady: Civil War Photographer Mathew B. Brady: Civil War Photographer was written by Elizabeth Van Steenwyk. Elizabeth Van Steenwyk has written many good books for young people including: Saddlebag Salesmen, The California Missions, Frederic Remington, The California Gold Rush: West with the Forty-Niners, and Ida B. Wells-Barnett: Woman of Courage. Elizabeth now lives in San Marino, California with her husband. Mathew B. Brady was born somewhere between 1823 and 1824. His early life is somewhat a mystery. He was born in Warren County in New York and his parents might have been Irish immigrants. His middle name was even a mystery, when asked what the B stood for he said that he inserted it because it seemed more distinguished. When he turned 16 he met William Page, a man wanting to become an artist. The both of them worked together, and Pages artistic abilities were most likely Bradys starting interest in becoming a photographer. In 1839 or 1840 Brady and Page moved to New York City. Meanwhile, a French inventor named Louis-Jacques-Mand Daguerre was inventing something that would change Bradys life. In 1839 Daguerre invented his camera. Samuel F. B. Morse went over to France to check out Daguerres camera. He wrote back to a magazine saying that it was perhaps the greatest invention in this age. When Samuel Morse returned to New York City and started a school for learning how to use the camera. Brady, very interested in the camera, signed up for lessons. Several years later Brady graduated and started his own little photography business on Broadway. In 1844 Brady won first place in the first photographic contest in America. Winning the contest also won Brady a lot of clients. He became very popular in New York. He took pictures of twenty-five famous people and therefore published The Gallery of Illustrious Americans. He opened an ...

The Changes in the Economic Environment of Nokia Essay

The Changes in the Economic Environment of Nokia - Essay Example It is used in finding out how much the company is leveraged in debt, comparing what is owed to what is owned. This is a measure to find out the company’s ability to borrow and repay money.As shown, Nokia has 40% debt leverage in 2009. This figure is 29% higher than its D/E in 2009, and a significant departure from conservative borrowings from 2000 to 2007. Its long-term debt in 2009 amounted to 4.439B representing a 400% increase from 2008 of 861M.Nokia uses the international capital markets to finance investments. The company sells stock, issue bonds, and obtain loans from commercial banks. The Nokia is a public limited liability company listed on the Helsinki, Frankfurt, and New York stock exchanges. Recent share price is offered at 9.64 â‚ ¬ (Yahoo finance) Nokia has the same outstanding shares of 3.7bil for 2009 and 2008. This is a decline from its previous years’ outstanding shares which are above 4bil. from 2000 to 2007. (msn) Based on the figures derived from the company’s financial statements for 10 years, the company is still in a healthy financial position. Its short-term operations have been affected by the economic recession as shown by the decline of sales and revenue for 2009 and 2008. Yet, the company has remained financially strong to pay its obligations. In 2009, the company has changed its strategy in a capital structure using more debts in financing its resources. As it is, the company is 40% leveraged and 60%f equity. At 40%, debt leverage is still a good balance as it is not more than the total equity. The company tends to have additional benefits in this capital structure such as tax advantage. In conclusion, Nokia can be a safe investment because of its strength has been in business for many years. It operates worldwide and does not concentrate on US market alone. Its weakness lies in technology which is slow in responding to competition’s design. Opportunities remain strong for worldwide operations as communication is an important commodity for everybody. The threat is the fast-changing technology that has to be addressed by Nokia through continued research and development.

Human resource mgt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Human resource mgt - Essay Example In a research paper (Geary, 1992) was critical of these assumptions. He found that management's reliance on temporary employees gave rise to a number of contradictions and tensions, and in the end was considered to be disadvantageous. A major advantage of flexible human resource practices is the low cost of labor as cited by (Smith, 1998) in his article. In his study he concluded that a larger proportion of foreign-owned companies had lower labor costs as a result of the greater use of flexible work practices. The application of the most flexible work life balance policy not only increases the loyalty of employee but also increase the fame of the company as best places for employment. (Dex and Scheibl, 2001) Mostly women do not find it compatible to work in the technical field due to their care taking duty towards their family in this way a huge amount of talent is drop out of the talent pool. Due to the flexible environment by the firm a broader recruitment pool can be made available. (Center for Ethical Business Cultures, 1997; Evans, 2001) With providing the employees with the facilities of flexible working hours the firm can also get the benefit by offering increased service hours for the customers. Since in this age of competition and increased customer pressure in order to achieve a cutting edge in the business it is important for a firm to provide 24/7 service (Evans, 2001; Human Resources Development Canada, 2002). The provisions of service for longer hour's will not only improve the corporate image but will provide the firm with increased market share (Dex and Scheibl, 1999; Center for Ethical Business Cultures, 1997; Evans, 2001). With undertaking the flexible work practices there are also some areas which should be addressed by the management in order to effectively undertake human resource practices. Studies of some of the best United States and Australian organizations (Gray, 1992) also suggest that the cement which binds skilled and motivated employees to their organization, who are thus more enthusiastic, more committed and potentially more productive than their competitors' employees, is clear and ongoing communication between organization managers and their employees. The management of the SFL should also take the advantage of the communication process in order achieve the higher level of performance from the employees. A modern and a more permanent approach to motivation are through job enrichment (Wright, 2004). This involves putting meaning into jobs. In other words, it is putting Herzberg's two-factor theory into effect by building motivators into the job. These motivators include achievement, growth, responsibility, advancement and recognition. This approach can also work for SFL staff. According to the approach the organization should plan to change the job contents of the employees in order to motivate them as explained by Ross (1998) in his article A practical

Immanuel Kant on law and justice Essay Example for Free

Immanuel Kant on law and justice Essay To be moral living human beings there must be a guiding action. This action varies depending on the degree of obligation: law, rule or maxim. A law should promote and protect the common good. Above all, a law must be just and reasonable to follow. A rule is a prescribed guide for conduct or action that indicates how we ought to act to behave in certain situations. Rules are not strictly legislated but are nevertheless obligatory guidelines for actions. A maxim is a general truth or rule of conduct. Immanuel Kants political teaching may be summarized in a phrase: republican government and international organization. In more characteristically Kantian terms, it is doctrine of the state based upon the law (Rechtsstaat) and of eternal peace. Indeed, in each of these formulations, both terms express the same idea: that of legal constitution or of peace through law. Rechtsstaat is a doctrine in continental European legal thinking, originally borrowed from German jurisprudence, which can be translated as a legal state, state of law, state of justice, state of rights or state based on justice and integrity. It is a constitutional state in which the exercise of governmental power is constrained by the law, and is often tied to the Anglo-American concept of the rule of law, but differs from it in that it also places an emphasis on what is just (i. e. a concept of moral rightness based on ethics, rationality, law, natural law, religion or equity). In a Rechtsstaat, the power of the state is limited in order to protect citizens from the arbitrary exercise of authority. In a Rechtsstaat the citizens share legally-based civil liberties and they can use the courts. A country cannot be a liberal democracy without first being a Rechtsstaat. German writers usually place Immanuel Kants theories at the beginning of their accounts of the movement toward the Rechtsstaat. Kant’s approach is based on the supremacy of a country’s written constitution. This supremacy must create guarantees for implementation of his central idea: a permanent peaceful life as a basic condition for the happiness of its people and their prosperity. Kant proposed that constitutionalism and constitutional government ought to be sufficient to guarantee this happiness. Kant had thus formulated the main problem of constitutionalism: The constitution of a state is eventually based on the morals of its citizens, which, in its turn, is based on the goodness of this constitution. A Kantian justice system would thus solely focus on what was done, rather than on the character of the person who did it. No excuses regarding a criminals genome, upbringing, history of mental illness, or socioeconomic status can exonerate him from receiving punishment for the criminal act. The fact that a man was abused during his childhood does not justify his infliction of similar abuse on others later in life. Many duties are developed into laws because society has deemed them important for the protection of the individual. There are some laws that are written to safe guard the individual and others for the community. All laws must be written to uphold society which includes protecting the rights of all people in both the majority and minority consequently all laws must possess certain common traits. Immanuel Kant believed that all humans are born inherently bad and must try hard to be good. This model of thought is of immense help to understanding what actions Kant saw as necessary for the creation of justice within the real world, since, once again, every individuals worldview is based upon that individuals own set of experiences. â€Å"Pure reason is a perfect unity; and therefore, if the principle presented by it proves to be insufficient for the solution of even a single one of those questions to which the very nature of reason gives birth, we must reject it, as we could not be perfectly certain of its sufficiency in the case of the others†. (Critique of Pure Reason, 3) Kant on Contemporary Issues Contemporary Issue: A proposal by the government to legalize theft. According to Immanuel Kant’s theories and views he would try to oppose this law. The general definition of theft is the taking of another persons property without that persons permission or consent with the intent to deprive the rightful owner of it. Immanuel Kant would consider this an immoral action on the individual’s part therefore resulting in punishment. When someone is punished for something it is because they did something abominable. Humans act not only on impulse as effected by laws of nature, but also out of conscience choice based on principles and these principles tell us how we ought to act. Our conscience as a capacity has a fundamental sense of value and personal responsibility. If theft were to be legalized, it would result in a never-ending chain of people committing evil actions to further their own need. People would become more selfish and greedy. Because Kant believes humans are born inherently bad we must strive every day to avoid temptation which we can only be redeemed by good behaviour and the grace of God. This would also go against Kant’s ideal justice system. â€Å"Nothing can escape our notice; for what reason produces from itself cannot lie concealed, but must be brought to the light by reason itself, as soon as we have discovered the common principle of the ideas we seek. † (Critique of Pure Reason, 5). Kants theory is his belief that it should always be possible, within our power, to do the right thing. Kant believes that rational humans are agents, they have plans, and they make deliberate choices. It is this fact about humans that Kant’s ethical theory seeks to enshrine and protect. Human agency should never be sacrificed for anything less valuable and everything is less valuable. Justice has a moral obligation to always do. The first duty of justice is to never treat people as mere means to one’s own ends. But treating a person as an end in themselves is to do more than respect this duty: it is also to assist them in achieving their morally lawful ends. For these reasons Immanuel Kant would not allow to legalize theft. Our government, justice duty and morality would all be altered if such a thing were to happen and that was Kant’s biggest fear that our humanity would be consumed by materialistic things. We need laws and peace in order for us, as people, to be rational human beings. Work Cited: Germany. Understandings of the Rule of Law Wikis Der Freien UniversitA ¤t Berlin. N. p. , n. d. Web. 21 Sept. 2013. Kant, Immanuel, J. M. D. Meiklejohn, Thomas Kingsmill Abbott, James Creed Meredith, Immanuel Kant, Immanuel Kant, and Immanuel Kant. The Critique of Pure Reason. Chicago: Encyclop? dia Britannica, 1955. Print. Rauscher, Frederick, Rauscher,. Kants Social and Political Philosophy. Stanford University. Stanford University, 24 July 2007. Web. 21 Sept. 2013. Immanuel Kants Critique of Judgment. Immanuel Kants Critique of Judgment. N. p. , n. d. Web. 21 Sept. 2013.